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Askam Borehole
The Askam Borehole is a borehole that is located in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is situated in the watershed of Nanticoke Creek and contributes several million gallons of acid mine drainage to that creek daily. The borehole also discharges large loads of iron and other substances. It was constructed by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection in the early 1970s and drains mine water from the South-East Mine Pool Complex. The discharges of the borehole have been treated by active treatment systems and artificial wetlands.
==Hydrology==
Water that flows from the Askam Borehole contains a significant amount of iron deposits. Upon exposure to air, the iron precipitates in the form of iron hydroxide, a reddish-orange compound that coats stream channels.〔 The borehole contributes pollution to Nanticoke Creek.〔
In the 1970s, an Operation Scarlift report found the concentration of acidity in the discharges of the Askam Borehole to be 633 parts per million and the pH was measured to be 3.7. The concentration of iron was 384 parts per million and the sulfate concentration was 1936 parts per million. The daily load of acidity was found to be and the daily load of iron was .
The Askam Borehole discharges of acid mine drainage per minute into Nanticoke Creek. The discharge of the borehole can reach up to per minute during heavy rain. In the 1970s, an Operation Scarlift report found the discharge of the borehole to be 5.51 million gallons per day.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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